12月27日後佔中第12天

【孔誥烽：佔領運動瓦解了好學生光環】

歷史將會記住2014 年。這一年，雨傘革命爆發又失敗了。但參加革命的年輕人，卻成功革了壓在我們頭上好久的好學生民主派的命，為將來的抗爭，掃清了場地。
雨傘革命由9 月22 日學生罷課，到9 月26 日學生與市民開始在政總外聚集，再到9 月28 日梁振英政府施放催淚彈使運動升級至佔領街道，遍地開花，是急風暴雨的發展。民眾在各佔領區不斷加固路障，旺角佔領區更出現日見規模的街頭關帝廟，與配備有工業用頭盔、眼罩、護墊等裝備的守衛軍負責堅守前綫。佔領運動的勇武與堅韌力，可說是近二、三十年香港反對運動所未見。

已故社會學大師蒂利（Charles Tilly）在 Regimes and Repertories 一書中指出，任何反對運動的氣質與訴求，都由作為運動對手的政權之體質模塑而成。現今香港的反對運動，成形於殖民時代後期、英國人開始以懷柔吸納政治駕馭新興民間社會的時代。這個環境模塑出來的反對運動，時刻都寄希望於與統治者的良性互動、排斥對抗性的行動。運動者可以既享受挑戰權威的進步光環，也可以繼續做師長寵愛的好學生。這種反對運動在1982-1997 年發展起來，在殖民時代後期和香港主權移交初期，或許有效。但到了今天，卻難應付我們頭上的政權，更難與年輕人的不滿與慾求產生共鳴。

全文︰http://www.passiontimes.hk/article/12-27-2014/20180
（原文刊於第二十五期《熱血時報》，於2014年12月21日免費派發。請支持文化抗共，訂閱《熱血時報》：http://www.passiontimes.hk/?view=regform）

【李慧琼：學生除非搞獨立，否則難改831決定】

民建聯副主席兼行政會議成員李慧琼，今晚（12月26日）接受港台節目《星期五主場》訪問，她認為用對抗及抗爭手法爭取民主，不單爭取不到，隨時會有反效果，又批評學生爭取的事情是錯誤理解《基本法》，除非是想搞獨立，否則在一國兩制下推行民主，那就是行錯路，李慧琼指香港是不能自決，又或是改變人大831的決定。

佔領行動被指有外國勢力干預，李慧琼曾稱「信就見到證據」，在今次訪問中，她再強調互相的重要：「我諗大家真係要相信喎，而家關鍵嘅問題真係互信喎，中央唔相信部分香港人，擔心有部分香港人利用民主呢個旗號，去同外國勢力，將香港成為一個搞中央嘅，或者拖慢中國發展嘅基地。另一部分香港人，不少架，其實佢哋抗拒中央，亦都唔真心相信中央會畀香港民主，大家就係呢個唔相信，連民主行前一步都唔畀。」

比較於民建聯早前提出政改方案，比起人大831決定更為寬鬆，主持就問到李慧琼，為何民建聯不堅持自己的方案時，李慧琼指民建聯只是社會的一部分，認為必須要爭取到北京完全接受民建聯的方案是太霸道，認為大家應該繼續信任民建聯。

全文︰http://www.passiontimes.hk/article/12-26-2014/20238

結果。。。

聯合聲明失效，香港城邦建國！

8 Unforgettable Symbols From An Extraordinary Year Of Protests

The Huffington Post | By Charlotte Alfred

Posted: 12/25/2014 8:52 am EST Updated: 12/25/2014 11:59 am EST

From Africa to Europe to the Americas, 2014 has been a year of extraordinary protests. Some of these protests succeeded in overthrowing political leaders, others retreated but fundamentally changed the political landscape and still others are still ongoing as we enter 2015.

Many powerful symbols arose from this year's protests. These images and slogans serve as a reminder of the courageous demands for justice and dignity shared by demonstrators around the world.

Here are some of the symbols by which the protests of 2014 will be remembered.

Ukraine

"Euromaidan"

Early on in Ukraine's revolution, protesters started using the hashtag #Euromaidanon social media. The new term soon came to describe the burgeoning protest movement that would eventually topple Ukraine's Moscow-backed President Viktor Yanukovych in February 2014.

In the most basic sense, "Euromaidan" describes the pro-European sentiment of the demonstrations, which were sparked in November 2013 by Yanukovych's decision to suspend talks with the European Union in favor of closer ties with Russia. "Maidan" refers to Maidan Nezalezhnosti, or Independence Square, the central plaza in the Ukrainian capital of Kiev where protesters first converged. The square was later the site of an elaborate protest camp and bloody battles with riot police.

But the term also has a deeper significance, The Associated Press explains. For many Ukrainians, Europe has become a symbol of genuine democracy and respect for human rights, in stark contrast to the corrupt system presided over by Yanukovych and the deadly brutality of the riot police. The Maidan carries a broader historic symbolism as well -- in 2004, it was the focal point of Ukraine's Orange Revolution, and has thus come to signify the power of mass nonviolent protest.

Ukrainians sing the national anthem during a rally in Independence Square in Kiev, March 9, 2014. (AP Photo/Efrem Lukatsky)

An opposition supporter plays the piano on barricades in front of riot police in central Kiev, Feb. 10, 2014. (AP Photo/Efrem Lukatsky)

An anti-Yanukovych protester stands at a memorial for the people killed in clashes with the police at Kiev's Independence Square, March 1, 2014. (AP Photo/Emilio Morenatti)

Venezuela

#SOSVenezuela

Fed up with soaring inflation rates and high levels of crime, Venezuelans took to the streets in early 2014 to express their frustration with the government of President Nicolás Maduro.

The slogan "SOSVenezuela" became an enduring image of the mass rallies. The campaign was started by the Caracas-based activist group Un Mundo Sin Mordaza(A World Without Censorship), which organized protesters around the world to spell out "SOS" in support of the Venezuelan activists. "The media are muzzled by the national government," protest organizer Anabel Navarro said. "We need to have a voice in a country where freedom of expression hangs in the balance."

As the protests expanded, the government cracked down. Pro-government gangs clashed violently with activists, state security forces tore down protest barricades and thousands were detained. At least 43 demonstrators, both supporters and opponents of the government, were killed in the ensuing violence. In May, Un Mundo Sin Mordaza's founder Rodrigo Diamanti was arrested and charged in connection with “obstruction of public highways and possession of explosive devices."

The protests waned over the summer, but Venezuela has seen continued unrest over crime rates and shortages of basic goods, and Maduro's popularity has plummeted.

View image on Twitter

A woman holds a placard reading "SOS Venezuela" before Pope Francis' general audience at St Peter's Square in the Vatican on March 19, 2014. (VINCENZO PINTO/AFP/Getty Images)

Taiwan

Sunflowers

Over 100,000 protesters, many holding up sunflowers, converged on the Taiwanese capital of Taipei in March, accusing their government of secretly pushing through a controversial trade deal with China. Student protesters occupied the parliament building for three weeks before Taiwan's government agreed to greater scrutiny of its dealings with China. Many Taiwanese are deeply suspicious of Chinese influence on the island, which China still considers part of its territory.

The students dubbed the protests the "Sunflower Movement." According to The New York Times, the sunflowers symbolize the light that the protesters wanted to shine on Taiwan's relationship with China, as well as the broader demand for greater government transparency.

Protesters hold flowers and shout slogans at a rally in Taipei, Taiwan, on March 30, 2014. (Lam Yik Fei/Getty Images)

Students display flowers and placards during protests outside the parliament in Taipei on March 22, 2014. (SAM YEH/AFP/Getty Images)

A protester holds sunflowers at a rally in Taipei, Taiwan on March 30, 2014. (Lam Yik Fei/Getty Images)

Nigeria

#BringBackOurGirls

On the night of April 14, 2014, more than 270 schoolgirls at the Chibok boarding school in northeastern Nigeria were kidnapped by the Islamist militant group Boko Haram.

The girls' abduction sparked global outrage and a major campaign calling for their rescue, propelled in part by the hashtag #BringBackOurGirls. Started by a group ofcampaigners in Nigeria, the #BringBackOurGirls Twitter campaign went viral across the world, prompting messages from public figures including Michelle Obama and Malala Yousafzai.

The girls remain in captivity, and the attention of the world has largely moved on. Yet in Nigeria, relatives and supporters of the kidnapped girls still rally every weekin the capital city of Abuja with the same demand: Bring back our girls.

View image on Twitter

Women attend a demonstration calling on the government to rescue the kidnapped Chibok school girls in Lagos, Nigeria, May 5, 2014. (AP Photo/ Sunday Alamba, File)

Thailand

"Hunger Games" salute

Following months of protests in Thailand by rival political movements, the country's military seized power in a bloodless coup this May. Thailand's ruling junta hasbanned protests and other expressions of opposition -- including a three-fingered salute borrowed from the "The Hunger Games" books and movies.

In the young adult series, which is set in a dystopian autocracy, the salute is a sign of silent protest against authorities. Together, the three fingers stand for "thank you," "admiration," and "goodbye to someone you love." Protesters in Thailand have come up with several alternate meanings for the salute, such as "1. No Coup, 2. Liberty, 3. Democracy," according to The Associated Press.

Authorities warned in June that anyone who raised the salute in public could be arrested. In November, ahead of the release of the latest "Hunger Games" movie, five Thai students were detained for flashing the sign at a speech by coup leader and Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha. A Thai theater chain canceled showings of the movie after activists bought hundreds of tickets and more students were arrested at screenings. "Raising three fingers has become a symbol in calling for fundamental political rights," Thai activist Sombat Boonngam-anong explained on his Facebook page.

Nachacha Kongudom, 21, raises a three-finger salute outside a cinema where "The Hunger Games: Mockingjay - Part 1" is showing, in Bangkok, Thailand, Nov. 20, 2014. (AP Photo/Sakchai Lalit)

Thai student activists raise the three-fingered salute in front of Thai Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha as he speaks in Khon Kaen province, Thailand, Nov. 19, 2014. (AP Photo/Bangkok Post)

U.S.

Hands Up

The fatal shooting of unarmed black teenager Michael Brown by a white police officer in August sparked weeks of unrest in Ferguson, Missouri. An eyewitness described Brown raising his hands in the air before he was killed. The gesture of surrender, with the accompanying slogan "Hands Up, Don't Shoot," together became a symbol of the nation's outrage at brutal police tactics and racial inequality.

Further protests spread across the U.S. as well as abroad after a grand jury declined in November to indict Ferguson Police Officer Darren Wilson for Brown's killing. Days later, another grand jury in New York decided not to indict another white police officer for the death of Eric Garner, who died shortly after being held in a police chokehold. Garner's last words, "I Can't Breathe," which he repeated 11 times, became another slogan of the protests, along with "Black Lives Matter."

While grand jury documents provide differing accounts of Brown's final posture, the raised hands have become an important symbol of a wider issue: black men dying at the hands of America's police force. Congressmen, football players and protesters around the world have all expressed solidarity by using the "Hands Up" gesture.

Tear gas rains down on a woman kneeling in the street with her hands in the air after a demonstration over the killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, on Aug. 17, 2014. (Scott Olson/Getty Images)

People chant "Hands up, don't shoot!" on the steps of the National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C., on Nov. 25, 2014, to protest a grand jury decision not to indict Darren Wilson for killing Michael Brown. (Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)

St. Louis Rams players raise their arms in reference to events in Ferguson, Missouri, as they walk onto the field before an NFL football game against the Oakland Raiders in St. Louis, Nov. 30, 2014. (AP Photo/L.G. Patterson, File)

Hong Kong

Umbrellas

In September, students and opposition protesters in Hong Kong began staging sit-ins to demand that China retract its plan to vet candidates for the territory's first leadership election. When Hong Kong's police tried to beat them back with tear gas and pepper spray, the protesters shielded themselves with umbrellas, creating a lasting symbol of peaceful defiance. The Hong Kong streets, as well as social media, were soon filled with images of umbrellas.

The "Umbrella Movement," as it became known, was Hong Kong's biggest challengeto China's authority since Great Britain handed over the territory in 1997, on the condition that it would retain some autonomy over its affairs. After nearly three months of demonstrations, Hong Kong's street camps were shut down, but the protesters insisted they were playing a long game. WorldPost China correspondent Matt Sheehan explains: "Hong Kong youth have not achieved their political goals, but they have laid down the gauntlet. They've declared themselves to be far more pugnacious and less pliant than both their parents' generation and their mainland peers."

A pro-democracy demonstrator gestures after police fired tear gas towards protesters near the Hong Kong government headquarters on Sept. 28, 2014. (XAUME OLLEROS/AFP/Getty Images)

Demonstrators hold umbrellas outside the Central Government Offices in the Admiralty district of Hong Kong, China, on Oct. 28, 2014. (Brent Lewin/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

Police officers tear down a yellow umbrella sculpture near the Central Government Offices in the Admiralty district of Hong Kong, China, Dec. 11, 2014. (Billy H.C. Kwok/Bloomberg via Getty Images)

Mexico

"43"

In September, 43 students from a rural teachers' college went missing in Iguala, Mexico. The students were ambushed by police on their way to a protest and never seen again. The Mexican government said in November that members of a local drug cartel had confessed to killing the students, in collusion with the town's mayor and local police force, and that at least one student's remains had been identified. But some reporters and relatives of the students allege that the Mexican government played a greater role in the disappearances than it has acknowledged.

The students' abduction and presumed killing have sparked protests across Mexico and around the world, creating a political crisis for President Enrique Peña Nieto. Protesters have painted "43," the number of students who went missing, on walls, on their faces and on protest banners. "We are not everyone, because we are missing 43," one sign reads.

"The missing students immediately became a symbol of the country’s security crisis, which has already produced countless massacres and over 20,000 disappearances, and which protesters blame on a combination of warring criminal groups and widespread corruption and negligence that gives them free rein," The Guardianexplains.

Another protest slogan emerged when Mexico's attorney general said “Ya me cansé,” or "I’ve had enough" in a press conference about the students' deaths. His words were sarcastically appropriated by protesters outraged at Mexico's security situation, including the hashtag #YaMeCanséDelMiedo ("I’ve had enough fear.")

Demonstrators protest the disappearance of 43 students, in Mexico City, Oct. 22, 2014. (AP Photo/Marco Ugarte)

A protestor paints graffiti reading "43, Ayotzinapa was the State," accusing the government of being behind the disappearance of 43 teachers college students, during a demonstration in Mexico City, Dec. 1, 2014. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell)

Relatives of 43 missing students hold portraits during a protest demanding justice and clarification of the disappearance of their loved ones from Ayotzinapa, on Dec. 6, 2014 in Mexico City. (YURI CORTEZ/AFP/Getty Images)